The Effect of Emotional Abuse in Childhood on Adults

Abstract

How does childhood emotional abuse affect brain development in adults? Research shows that emotional abuse during childhood can change how the brain develops, especially in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. These areas are responsible for memory formation, emotion regulation, and decision-making, respectively. Changes in these brain areas can potentially lead to memory problems, constant fear, anxiety, and a higher risk of depression, PTSD, and addiction. Moreover, they can also affect self-esteem, relationships, and overall success in life. It is shown by research from NIMH that trauma can even alter how genes link to stress function, making it harder to cope with challenges. This paper will explore how emotional abuse affects stress response, social and cognitive functioning, and increased risk of mental health disorders, to enlighten future practices by schools and educators to create safe environments and teach emotional regulation for affected children.