The Effect of the Thin Ideal in Social Media on Body Image and the Moderating Effect of Self-Compassion among College Students in Mainland

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of exposure to thin-ideal and average-body images on social media on body image among female college students in Mainland China and Hong Kong, China, while exploring the potential moderating role of self-compassion. Employing a mixed experimental design, 191 participants were randomly distributed to one of four conditions: thin-ideal bodies, average bodies, landscapes (mood control), or eyeglasses (neutral control). Body image was assessed pre- and post-exposure using the Body Image States Scale (BISS), and self-compassion was measured via the Self- Compassion Scale (SCS). Results from repeated-measures ANOVA indicated a significant interaction between image type and time, with thin-ideal images reducing body satisfaction and average-body images enhancing it. Contrary to hypotheses, self- compassion did not significantly moderate these effects. The findings align with social comparison theory, highlighting the divergent effects of idealized versus realistic body portrayals. While self-compassion did not buffer against negative impacts, the study underscores the importance of promoting diverse body representations on social media to generate healthier body perceptions among young women. Limitations and cultural considerations are discussed, with recommendations for future research to explore longitudinal and contextual factors.