Research on Risk Review and Collaborative Governance of Personal Data Security in the Context of Big Data

Abstract

The extensive application of big data technology has generated massive amounts of personal data across diverse sectors. While empowering the digital economy and enhancing social governance capabilities, this technological advancement simultaneously exposes personal data security to systemic risks throughout the entire data lifecycle, encompassing collection, storage, usage, analysis, sharing, and circulation stages. Drawing on contemporary regulatory frameworks and judicial practices, this paper systematically analyzes the risk manifestations and underlying root causes at each stage of the data lifecycle, identifying the current fragmentation and static nature of existing protective measures. The analysis reveals that conventional approaches to personal data protection remain predominantly reactive, lacking the dynamic coordination necessary to address evolving threats in the big data environment. Building on this foundation, the study proposes a multidimensional collaborative governance framework centered on the data lifecycle, integrating legal oversight, technical safeguards, corporate self-discipline, and user empowerment as interconnected pillars. A dynamic coordination mechanism spanning the entire data processing chain is designed to facilitate seamless cooperation among government agencies, technology enterprises, and individual users. This integrated approach aims to shift personal data protection from passive compliance toward proactive trust-building, thereby establishing a more resilient and adaptive security ecosystem. The proposed framework provides both theoretical foundations and practical references for safeguarding personal data in the big data era, contributing to the sustainable development of the digital economy.